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Jagatha: (Sanskrit)
The universe.
Jahnu:
In Hindu lore, an ancient king who adopted the Ganges River
Jaimini, Maharishi:
A sage who wrote an elucidation of sections of Maharishi Parashara's
work. This became the basis for another system of Astrology in India
Jainism:
A world religion begun as a reform movement of Hinduism.
by Mahavira (b. 599 BC ) who denied the existence or worship of a
supreme deity and taught enlightenment through strict self-denial
and non-violence. Later followers deified Mahavira himself, calling
him the 24th Tirthankara (last great savior teacher) who descended
from heaven without sin and with all knowledge.
Jalapatanasaham:
A sensitive point in Vedic astrology relating to going on a voyage.
One of many used and similar in idea to Arabic parts
Janmarashi:
In Vedic astrology, the sign occupied by the Moon at birth
Janus:
Ancient Roman god of gates and doors, hence the god invoked at the
beginning of any undertaking. Usually portrayed as having two
faces, one looking forward and one looking into the past.
Jataka:
A type of Buddhist literature consisting of stories of the previous
incarnations of the being who became the Buddha. A collection of 547
such stories is included in the Pali canon. Many of the Jataka tales
include ancient folk motifs from pre-Buddhist India. In Buddhist
communities, the Jataka tales are often used to teach and reflect
upon the virtues of generosity, loyalty, and self-sacrifice.
Jeffers, Joseph:
Founder of Temple of Yaweh?
Jehovah:
Incorrect reading of the
proper name of Israel's deity, joining the consonants of YHWH to the
vowels of Adonai. A medieval Christian invention, Jehovah became
popular in some traditional English translations of the Bible.
The four letters are not a word, but a sentence, which reads
literally, "I AM WHAT IS". When you smooth it out, it reads, I AM
(all) THAT IS. The name of the Roman god, Jove, is also derived
from YHVH.
Jehovah's Witnesses:
Official name of the religion that accepts the authority of the Watchtower
Bible and Tract Society
Jerome:(348-420
AD)
Also known as Eusebius
Hieronymous, bast known of the early Roman Catholic Bible scholars.
Jerome was the leading translator of the authoritative Latin
translation of the Bible, the Vulgate.
Jesuits:
A Catholic religious order for
men founded by Ignatius of Loyola (1491-1556) in 1534 and approved
by Pope Paul III in 1540. The constitution for the community,
written by Ignatius and approved in 1550, focused on two tasks: the
reform of the Roman Catholic Church, particularly in response to
Protestantism, and service in the foreign missions, especially in
those areas that had been just discovered. To fulfill these tasks,
in addition to the vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience (to
one's superior in the order) Jesuits were required to take an
additional "fourth vow" of obedience to the pope and were freed of
traditional obligations associated with religious life, particularly
a distinctive garment and the recitation of the Divine Office, daily
prayers at specified hours. The Jesuits were most associated with
spiritual revival, especially through the Spiritual
Exercises (1522-41)
of Ignatius, and education. Many of the important theologians of the
sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Catholic Reformation period were
Jesuits. Although marred by several conflicts during the seventeenth
and eighteenth centuries, including their dispute with Jansenism,
the Chinese rites controversy, and the suppression of the Society by
Clement XIV in 1773 (although later restored by Pius VII in 1814),
the Jesuits remain one of the most important orders in the
contemporary Church, particularly in the field of education.
Jesus:
1)The leader of group of
religious radicals in Jerusalem.(approximately 25 AD) 2)An avatar
who attained a high level of attunement which enabled him to become
a bodily vehicle for the Christ for a period of three years. 3) An
aspect of God, according to the Jesus cults. The
name �Jesus� corresponds with the Hebrew �Joshua� and means �Jehovah
is salvation.� (See Jesus)
Jesus Christ:
The mythological founder of the Christian
religion. Christ is the Gnostic title of the only begotten Son of
God. By giving this title to Jesus, the Christians are proclaiming
that their Jesus is the only true manifestation of God.
Jesus Only
Movement:
A movement in
some Pentecostal circles which maintains that there is only one
person in the Godhead: Jesus. It teaches that the person of the
Father became the person of the Son who then became the person of
the Holy Spirit and that the persons are consecutive not
simultaneous. This is in opposition to the Trinitarian
interpretation. They also believe that baptism is necessary for
salvation and that speaking in tongues are evidence of true
conversion.
Jew:
Originally a term referring to an inhabitant of Judea. Later, it was
applied to adherents of Judaism.
Jihad:(Arabic)
Literally, "struggle," more popularly, "holy war"; a term used to
refer to the Muslim commitment to impose the teachings and law of Islam throughout
the world, by force where that is considered necessary or
appropriate.
Jinn:
In Islam, an invisible order of beings, created of fire, who possess
extraordinary powers and, like humans, are accountable for their
actions. Some jinn are
good, others evil. Angel. Also known as djin and genie.
Jivas: (Sanskrit)
The living soul. Found in the writings of Alice A. Bailey.
Jivatman ( Jeevatman: (Sanskirt)
The soul within the human sphere, the individual soul
Jnana Yoga:
The yoga of knowledge. One of the seven major schools of yoga.
John the Baptist:
A first-century figure who appears in Josephus's Antiquities, the
New Testament, and later Christian and Gnostic sources, and is seen
by Christians as a forerunner of Jesus. Probably aligned with Essene
or Zealot movements in Judaism, John preached the end of the age and
preached baptism for the purification of sin.
John the Divine:(John
of Patmos)
Mythological character purported to be the author of The
Gospel of John and The Revelation (or Apocalypse) of
John.
Judaism:
World religion founded approximately 1500 BC by the prophet Moses
(Thothmoses - prince and high-priest of Egypt) The foundation of
Judaism is the Torah (Genesis through Deuteronomy), which is said to
have been written by Moses.
Judas Iscariot:
The possible founder of the Zealot movement in 1st century Judea and
author of The Book of
Revelation. In
the mythology of the New Testament, one of the original disciples
who betrayed Jesus to the authorities for 30 pieces of silver..The
Gospel of Judas says that it was not a betrayal but that he did it
at Jesus' request. See Judas
Iscariot
Judism:
Judgment Day:
Christian term
for the imminent last period of time when Christ, or God, will send
all human beings either to heaven or to hell, based on their
righteousness. Originally derived from Zoroasterism.
Jupiter: (derived
from Hebrew "Jah"-God and Latin "Pater"-Father)
Supreme
divinity of the ancient Romans. Originally a native Italian sky god
identified with Zeus, Jupiter controlled weather changes, rain, and
storms. Maintaining the sanctity of treaties and oaths, he was the
chief protector of Rome; he was worshiped by magistrates entering
office and by generals returning victorious.
Justification by
faith alone:
Fundamental
principle of the Protestant Reformation that the divine act in which
God declares the sinner to be innocent of his sins. Salvation
depends entirely on the grace of God rather than on human actions.
Justin Martyr: (ca.
100-165)
Early
Christian apologist. Born in Samaria, he came to Rome about 140.
Rejected by Platonic and Pythagorean schools, he later adopted a
literalist view of Christianity.He developed a distinctively
literalist reading of the Old Testament and was one of the first to
deploy quotations from the Gospels in his attacks on Jews, Gnostics,
and other Christian thinkers. His authentic works are the First
Apology and the Dialogue with
Trypho the Jew
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