Levitation

Levitation  in a paranormal contex, is the process by which a human body or other object is held  in the air by mystical means, without mechanical support.

    Certain New Age cmunities say levitation can occur as a result of supernatural, psychic or "energy." phenomena.  It is seen as either a demonstration of the truthfulness of that religion or as evidence of the holiness of the particular levitator. From the early days of psychic investigation there is a surprising amount of evidence of the lifting of chairs, tables, heavy objects and people into the air. Saints and yogis are reputed to have risen into the air when praying, or in a state of meditation or rapture, usually at the altar.     

     There is, however, no recognized scientific evidence of levitation ever occurring, and skeptics claim that any alleged cases of levitation can usually be explained as having been produced by trickery, illusion or hallucination. Levitation was once considered to be a sign of possession and those levitating were charged with witchcraft.                             

Levitation by mediums Many mediums (especially in the 19th century) claimed to have levitated during seances, . Many cases have been shown to be frauds, using wires and stage magic tricks. Daniel Dunglas Home, a prolific and well-documented levitator of himself and other objects, was said by spiritualists to levitate outside of a window.

     The magician Joseph F. Rinn gave a full account of fraudulent behavior observed in a seance of Eusapia Palladino and explained how her levitation trick had been performed: Positioning themselves under the table, we saw the medium's foot strike a table leg to produce raps. As the table tilted to the right, due to pressure of her right hand on the surface, we saw her put her left foot under the left table leg. Pressing down on the tabletop with her left hand and up with her left foot under the table leg to form a clamp, she lifted her foot and "levitated" the table from the floor.

     The levitation trick of the medium Jack Webber was exposed by the magician Julien Proskauer. who said he would use a telescopic reaching rod attached to a trumpet to levitate objects in the séance room. The physicist Edmund Edward Fournier d'Albe investigated the medium Kathleen Goligher at many sittings and concluded that no para-normal levitation had occurred with her and stated he  found evidence of fraud.

In photography A person photographed while bouncing may appear to be levitating. This optical illusion is used by religious groups and by spiritualist mediums, claiming that their meditation techniques allow them to levitate in the air. Usually telltale signs can be found in the photography indicating that the subject was in the act of bouncing, like blurry body parts, a flailing scarf, hair being suspended in the air, etc.

In Christianity The New Testament reports Jesus walked on the water to meet his disciples who were in a boat. Initially they were afraid, thinking he was a "spirit", but he eased their fears. Saint Francis of Assisi is recorded as having been "suspended above the earth, often to a height of three, and often to a height of four cubits" (about five feet).
In Hinduism, it is believed that some Hindu mystics and gurus who have achieved certain spiritual powers (called siddhis) are able to levitate. In Sanskrit, the power of levitation is called laghiman ('lightness') or dardura-siddhi (the 'frog power'). Paramahansa Yogananda's book Autobiography of a Yogi has accounts of Hindu Yogis who levitated in the course of their meditation.


 








There are several accounts of mediums’ levitation n the 19th century: Henry C. Gordon in 1851 and 1852 at Dr. Gray’s house in New York. Then the famous D.D. Home who was reported to have levitated over one hundred times.

The most famous eyewitness account is that of Home’s levitation on December 13, 1868, at Ashley House, Victoria Street, London. In the presence of Lord Adare and Charles Wynne, Home floated out a third-story window and returned again through the window of another room. Other well-known mediums reported to have levitated are: Stainton Moses, Mrs. Guppy, Herne, and Eusapia Paladino
 
There is much speculation on how levitation is produced. Yogis claim that the practice of certain particular breathing techniques, for long periods of time, can reduce the body weight sufficiently to enable it to float in air. It is believed by some that achieving the rapture state is necessary. Parapsychologists say that there is evidence of psychokinesis (a somewhat related phenomenon) can be achieved.